Foremothers of the Women's Spirituality Movement

Forty years ago, the Second Wave Feminist Movement was in full swing in America. Besides fighting for legal issues such as equal pay in the marketplace and the right to have a credit card or keep one''s own name, feminists demanded women''s health and reproductive rights, marriage reform, and sexual freedom. Radical women began to question the very concept of God as male, with "man in his image," and from this revolutionary brew, the Women''s Spirituality movement was born. Just as foam-born Aphrodite arose from the sea, the revolutionary Goddess movement arose to inspire women around the country and the world to begin researching ancient worldwide Goddess-based cultures and to create spontaneous circles of women''s ritual and Goddess worship. Some called themselves witches, leaving the church or temple to start covens or churches of their own; others worked within mainstream religious frameworks to bring the "feminine" into what had earlier been male-only priesthoods and doctrines.